Considerations on European Community criminal policy regarding the crime of private corruption and the criminal interest protected by it
Keywords:
Competitive loyalty, Minimal intervention, Economic legal assetsAbstract
Crimes related to corruption have been the subject of intense criminal, economic, administrative, and political scrutiny, both in Brazil and internationally. In recent decades, various regional and global legal instruments have been created, in addition to national legislation such as the Brazilian Anti-Corruption Law (Law 12,846/2013) and criminal codification projects that aim to criminalize private corruption. One of the central challenges is to define which legal right the criminal law protects (free competition, contractual loyalty, public morals, or other) to avoid symbolic or expansionist criminalization. European experiences, the European Union, and international instruments help to illuminate models of protection, but their application requires caution due to principles such as minimal intervention and proportionality.
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